What is thalassemia anemia? ?
- It is a type of anemia that is inherited. Therefore, it is often in the family.
- Thalassemia is a genetic disease, a gene or genetic unit that defines various traits.
There are two types of transmission characteristics:
- It is a carrier that has only one abnormal gene of thalassemia, called the hidden thalassemia gene. Therefore, blood must be tested by special methods. It is known that the carrier may transfer normal or abnormal genes to his child.
- A disease is a person who receives the same abnormal thalassemia gene from parents and may transfer one of the abnormal genes to each child as well.
How much is Thalassemia found? ?
- Thalassemia is very common in Thailand. and found all over the world.
- In Thailand, there are 30-40 percent of the population that is a carrier of thalassemia, or about 20 million people.
Thalassemia in Thailand They are divided into two major groups
1) Alpha-thalassemia, the most common are
1.1) Carrier of Alpha-Thalassemia 1 found 5
1.2) The carrier of Alpha-Thalassemia 2 was found 16%.
1.3) HEMOGLOBIN CONSTANT SPRING carrier found 4%.
2) Beta - thalassemia.
2.1) Beta - thalassemia carrier found 5%.
2.2) The carrier of hemoglobin E found 13%
Symptoms of thalassemia.
- Hemoglobin Bart's hydropsfetalis (Hb Bart's hydropsfetalis) is the most severe type, with preeclampsia, high blood pressure, swelling, miscarriage and postpartum hemorrhage.
- Beta-thalassemia, hemoglobin E (B-thalassemia / HbE) and homozygous B-thalassemia are present in the first year of life. Or later, the child will become pale and weak, with a bloated belly, enlarged spleen and liver, facial bones change, flat nose, high cheekbones, wide chin and jaw, protruding upper teeth, thin and brittle bones. The body and granto are not age appropriate. and Baray has stones in the gallbladder. If it's very pale, you need frequent blood transfusions. There will be important complications, namely excess iron accumulated in various organs, causing dark skin, cirrhosis, diabetes, heart failure.
- Most of the hemoglobin H (Hb H) disease is mild, with the exception of some being severe. It is usually pale, slightly yellow, indicating that prickly heat is a liver disease or jaundice. In cases of acute fever, it may fade quickly and become so pale that a heart attack can be cured.
Treatment
1) General health care exercise as much as you can Not too extreme, not too tired.
2) No smoking, no drinking.
3) Eat healthy, high-protein foods such as meat, eggs, and eggs.
4) Foods rich in vitamin folate, such as fresh vegetables to make red blood cells, should avoid foods high in iron such as animal, liver, and iron tonic. Tea, tofu, may help reduce iron absorption from food.
5) Blood reception In case of anemia, blood for support is needed. In pediatric patients with severe symptoms, receiving blood until not pale (Hyper Transfusion) can cause the child to grow normally without facial changes. but must receive blood regularly and must receive blood regularly and must receive iron diuretics because there may be complications from blood transfusions Especially iron overload can follow
6) Cutting the spleen will be considered in cases where the spleen is very large, making it uncomfortable and destroying blood cells to receive blood more frequently.
7) Cell transplant The origin of the hematopoietic It is currently the only cure for thalassemia. but the cost is high.
8) Other treatments include administering pure prepared stem cells from a parent, changing the gene.
Who is the carrier, and what kind of carrier? Who is the carrier of Rothalassemia?
1) The average person has a 30-40 percent chance of being a carrier.
2) A couple with a child of thalassemia.
3) Siblings or relatives of carriers or thalassemia patients will have a higher chance.
